Introduction: Nursing managers play a key role in healthcare organizations. The effective execution of nursing managers' roles is influenced by various factors, including managerial competence. In today's complex organizations, determining the level of competence of head nurses is essential for improving their performance. Methods: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 150 head nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences participated in the study in 2024, utilizing a census sampling method. The data collection tools included a demographic information form and the nursing managerial competence assessment questionnaire developed by Moghadam et al. (2019). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants in the research was )42.53±5.24( years. The average managerial competence of head nurses was reported at a high level (330.05±37.04) through self-evaluation. Among them, the organizational domain had the highest average (4.36) and the problem-solving domain (4.11) had the lowest average. There was a statistically significant relationship between the managerial competence of supervisors and passing the management course (p=0.042). Conclusion: Head nurses in the hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences exhibit a high level of managerial competencies. The results indicate that participation in managerial training programs positively impacts the enhancement of managerial competencies among head nurses, particularly in the organizing domain. The role of managers is significantly important among the various factors contributing to organizational success. To develop an effective and efficient management system, it is essential to have competent and capable managers. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses in each dimension of managerial competence can empower head nurses to strengthen their capabilities, address weaknesses, and ultimately improve the quality of nursing services.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and etiology of Nursing Caries (N.C.) in 2 - 4 year old children in Tehran, 1997. Seven hundred and thirty children (378 boys and 352 girls), aged 18 to 54 months, were selected from Health Centers throughout the Greater Tehran. Cases were selected in a randomized multi - stage manner.Results showed a total of 21.1% (154 case) with N.C. A relationship between N.C. and area, sex, patients's age, mother's age, regular dental attendance, feeding through the bottle at night and its content, was found. In conclusion, it is emphasised that the most important etiologic factor in N.C. is feeding with a bottle at night.

Developing, Progressing and prosperity of an organization depends on the managers' knowledge and attitude. In nursing as a profession, regarding high population, increased life expectancy and the needs for good health services, the responsibility of the managers to be equipped with new knowledge is very prominent.So, to assess the knowledge level and attitude of nursing managers towards the principals and it's relations with their managerial practices from the view point of their personnel, a correlative study was designed with 42 managers and 343 nursing personnel, in order to gather the data questionnaires were used.Our findings showed that 79% of matrons, 64.3% of supervisors and 58.3% of head nurses were enjoying average knowledge of management and regarding their positive attitude, matrons, supervisors and head nurses gained the score of 100%, 71.4% and 87.5 respectively. Furthermore, considering their managerial practice, the percentages of 50% and 57.1% belonged to matrons and supervisors which practiced in a medium level, meanwhile, 70.8% of head nurses were good in managerial practices.Overall, promotion of the knowledge level and attitude of nursing mangers is of great importance, because good quality of nursing care depends on this issue.